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Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)
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Alpha methylparatyrosine chemical structure | |
| 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanoic acid IUPAC name | |
| CAS number 658-48-0 |
ATC code [[ATC_code_|]][1] |
| PubChem 3125 |
DrugBank [2] |
| Chemical formula | {{{chemical_formula}}} |
| Molecular weight | 195.215 g/mol |
| Bioavailability | |
| Metabolism | |
| Elimination half-life | |
| Excretion | |
| Pregnancy category | |
| Legal status | |
| Routes of administration | |
Alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT) is a tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme inhibitor. It has been used in the treatment of pheochromocytoma.[1] It has been demonstrated to inhibit the production of melanin.[2]
Side effects[]
AMPT administration leads to a transient exacerbation of depressive symptoms in patients that have responded to catecholaminergic antidepressants. The mood changes induced by AMPT may be mediated by decreases in norepinephrine, while changes in selective attention and motivation may be mediated by dopamine.
Prolonged administration can have an impact upon the circadian rhythm.[3]
Mechanism[]
As a competitive inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase, it prevents the conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA, the precursor to dopamine. This results in lowered systematic catecholamine (dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine) levels.
See also[]
References & Bibliography[]
- ↑ Ankenman R, Salvatore MF (2007). Low dose alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) in the treatment of dystonia and dyskinesia. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 19 (1): 65–9.
- ↑ Use of α-methyl-p-tyrosine to inhibit melanin production in iris melanocytes
- ↑ Zimmermann RC, Krahn LE, Klee GG, Ditkoff EC, Ory SJ, Sauer MV (2001). Prolonged inhibition of presynaptic catecholamine synthesis with alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine attenuates the circadian rhythm of human TSH secretion. J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig. 8 (3): 174–8.
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