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Pain

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Analgesia is the reduction in pain brought about by chemical, electrical or psychological means (eg hypnosis).

Naturally occuring analgesia[]

Psychological analgesia[]

Chemical analgesia[]

Analgesic drugs

Electrical analgesia[]

Electrotherapy
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) (the most commonly used)
Interferential Current (IFC)
Galvanic Stimulation (GS)

See also[]

References[]

v·d·e Pain and nociception
Head and neck	Jaw and mouth (Odynophagia ) • Ear (otalgia, otitis media, otitis externa) • Eye (glaucoma) Head (headache, migraine, tension headache, cluster headache, cerebral aneurysm, sinusitis, meningitis) Neck (atypical myocardial infarction)
Thorax	Back (upper back, lower back, spinal disc herniation, degenerative disc disease, coccydynia) Breast (perimenstrual, breast cancer) • Chest (myocardial infarction, gastroesophageal reflux disease, pancreatitis, hiatus hernia, aortic dissection, asymptomatic pulmonary embolism, Tietze's syndrome) Shoulder (right side - cholecystitis)
Abdominal	Left and right upper quadrant (peptic ulcer disease, gastroenteritis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, atypical myocardial infarction, abdominal aortic aneurysm, asymptomatic gastric cancer) • Left and right lower quadrant (appendicitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, diverticulitis, urolithiasis, pyelonephritis, colorectal cancer)
Limbs	Arm (myocardial infarction, left arm) • Leg (deep vein thrombosis, peripheral artery occlusive disease, claudication, spinal disc herniation, sciatica)
Joints (arthralgia)	Small joints (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, pseudogout • Large joints (osteoarthritis, septic arthritis, hemarthrosis, osteonecrosis) • Back joints (ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease) • Other (psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis)
Musculoskeletal	Delayed onset muscle soreness, myalgia, physical trauma
Other/unspecified	cold pressor test, congenital insensitivity to pain, dolorimeter, HSAN (Type I, II congenital sensory neuropathy, III familial dysautonomia, IV congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis, V congenital insensitivity to pain with partial anhidrosis), neuralgia, pain asymbolia, pain disorder, paroxysmal extreme pain disorder • Allodynia, breakthrough pain, chronic pain, hyperalgesia, hypoalgesia, hyperpathia, phantom pain, referred pain
Related concepts	Anterolateral system, gate control theory of pain, pain management (anesthesia, cordotomy), pain scale, pain threshold, pain tolerance, posteromarginal nucleus, substance P, suffering, OPQRST

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