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Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)
Carisoprodol chemical structure | |
[2-methyl-2-(1-methylethylcarbamoyloxymethyl) pentyl]aminomethanoate IUPAC name | |
CAS number 78-44-4 |
ATC code M03BA02 |
PubChem 2576 |
DrugBank APRD00417 |
Chemical formula | {{{chemical_formula}}} |
Molecular weight | 260.33 g/mol |
Bioavailability | |
Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP2C19-mediated) |
Elimination half-life | 8 hours |
Excretion | Renal |
Pregnancy category | |
Legal status | Scheduled in some U.S. states |
Routes of administration | Oral |
Carisoprodol is a skeletal muscle relaxant whose active metabolite is meprobamate. Although several case reports have shown that carisoprodol has abuse potential, it continues to be widely prescribed (not so in the United Kingdom where use of benzodiazepines is preferred). Carisoprodol is a colorless, crystalline powder, having a mild, characteristic odor and a bitter taste. It is slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform and acetone. Its solubility is practically independent of pH. It is marketed in the United States under the brand name Soma, and in the United Kingdom and other countries under the brand name Carisoma.
Chemistry[]
It is a carbamic acid ester. Carisoprodol is a racemic mixture of two stereoisomers.
Effects[]
- Analgesia
- Relief from hypertonia
Side effects[]
These are somewhat rare when used at normal doses.
Pharmacokinetics[]
Carisoprodol has a rapid, 30 minute onset of action, with the aforementioned effects lasting for approximately 2–6 hours. It is metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome P450 oxidase isozyme CYP2C19, excreted by the kidneys and has an approximate 8 hour half-life.
References[]
APhA Drug Information Handbook
External links[]
Skeletal muscle relaxants (M03) | |||||||||||||||||
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Peripherally acting (primarily antinicotinic, NMJ block) |
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Centrally acting |
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Directly acting | |||||||||||||||||
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