Child emotional abuse

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Child welfare

Child abuse

Child emotional abuse Child neglect Child physical abuse Child sexual abuse

Child protection

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Looked after children

Adoption (child) Open adoption Closed adoption Adopted children Adopted child syndrome Adoptive parents Adoptees Child custody Foster care Foster children Guardianship International adoption Interracial adoption Orphans

At risk children

Street children Child soldiers

Child emotional abuse is an aspect of general emotional abuse

Signs of abuse

The interpretation of the signs of emotional abuse must take into account the context. For example, many children are shy and find it difficult to be outgoing and confident, while children with autistic spectrum disorders may present some of the signs and behaviours listed here because of their condition.

The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) in the UK have identified the following signs as requiring further profesional investigation

Physical signs

• a failure to thrive and grow, particularly if the child thrives when away from home
• delayed development, either physical or emotional.

Behavioural signs

• compulsive behaviour such as hair twisting or body rocking
• sudden onset of speech disorders
• an unwillingness or inability to play
• an excessive fear of making mistakes
• self-harm or self mutilation
• reluctance to have parents contacted
• an excessive deference towards others, especially adults
• an excessive lack of confidence
• an excessive need for approval, attention and affection
• an inability to cope with praise.