Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme

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Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1

Identifiers

Symbol(s)

CYP11A1; CYP11A; P450SCC

External IDs

OMIM: 118485 MGI: 88582 Homologene: 37347

EC number

1.14.15.6

Gene Ontology Molecular Function: • monooxygenase activity • iron ion binding • cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity • oxygen binding • heme binding • metal ion binding Cellular Component: • mitochondrion • membrane Biological Process: • electron transport • lipid metabolic process • C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process • androgen biosynthetic process • steroid metabolic process • cholesterol metabolic process

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Entrez

1583

13070

Ensembl

ENSG00000140459

ENSMUSG00000032323

Uniprot

P05108

Q6NV84

Refseq

NM_000781 (mRNA) NP_000772 (protein)

XM_976231 (mRNA) XP_981325 (protein)

Location

Chr 15: 72.42 - 72.45 Mb

Chr 9: 57.81 - 57.83 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, also known as CYP11A1, is a human gene.

P450 scc (or 20,22-Desmolase) is an enzyme associated with the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone. The terminology "Desmolase" is becoming outdated and the enzyme is now more commonly referred to as P450scc.

The "scc" refers to side chain cleavage.

Steroid hormone synthesis

Steroidogenesis, showing cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme at top.

Steroid hormone synthesis

Pathology

A deficiency can lead to lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia. However, this is very rare.

See also

• Cytochrome P450 oxidase

Further reading

• Helmberg A (1993). Twin genes and endocrine disease: CYP21 and CYP11B genes.. Acta Endocrinol. 129 (2): 97-108. PMID: 8372604.
• Papadopoulos V, Amri H, Boujrad N, et al. (1997). Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor in cholesterol transport and steroidogenesis.. Steroids 62 (1): 21-8. PMID: 9029710.
• Stocco DM (2000). Intramitochondrial cholesterol transfer.. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1486 (1): 184-97. PMID: 10856721.
• Kristensen VN, Kure EH, Erikstein B, et al. (2001). Genetic susceptibility and environmental estrogen-like compounds.. Mutat. Res. 482 (1-2): 77-82. PMID: 11535251.
• Strauss JF (2004). Some new thoughts on the pathophysiology and genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome.. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 997: 42-8. PMID: 14644808.
• Guo IC, Shih MC, Lan HC, et al. (2007). Transcriptional regulation of human CYP11A1 in gonads and adrenals.. J. Biomed. Sci. 14 (4): 509-15. DOI: 10.1007/s11373-007-9177-z. PMID: 17594537.
• Wada A, Waterman MR (1992). Identification by site-directed mutagenesis of two lysine residues in cholesterol side chain cleavage cytochrome P450 that are essential for adrenodoxin binding.. J. Biol. Chem. 267 (32): 22877-82. PMID: 1429635.
• Hu MC, Guo IC, Lin JH, Chung BC (1991). Regulated expression of cytochrome P-450scc (cholesterol-side-chain cleavage enzyme) in cultured cell lines detected by antibody against bacterially expressed human protein.. Biochem. J. 274 ( Pt 3): 813-7. PMID: 1849407.
• Sparkes RS, Klisak I, Miller WL (1991). Regional mapping of genes encoding human steroidogenic enzymes: P450scc to 15q23-q24, adrenodoxin to 11q22; adrenodoxin reductase to 17q24-q25; and P450c17 to 10q24-q25.. DNA Cell Biol. 10 (5): 359-65. PMID: 1863359.
• Coghlan VM, Vickery LE (1991). Site-specific mutations in human ferredoxin that affect binding to ferredoxin reductase and cytochrome P450scc.. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (28): 18606-12. PMID: 1917982.
• Matteson KJ, Chung BC, Urdea MS, Miller WL (1986). Study of cholesterol side-chain cleavage (20,22 desmolase) deficiency causing congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia using bovine-sequence P450scc oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes.. Endocrinology 118 (4): 1296-305. PMID: 2419119.
• Chung BC, Matteson KJ, Voutilainen R, et al. (1987). Human cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc: cDNA cloning, assignment of the gene to chromosome 15, and expression in the placenta.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (23): 8962-6. PMID: 3024157.
• Morohashi K, Sogawa K, Omura T, Fujii-Kuriyama Y (1987). Gene structure of human cytochrome P-450(SCC), cholesterol desmolase.. J. Biochem. 101 (4): 879-87. PMID: 3038854.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.. Gene 138 (1-2): 171-4. PMID: 8125298.
• Gharani N, Waterworth DM, Batty S, et al. (1997). Association of the steroid synthesis gene CYP11a with polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism.. Hum. Mol. Genet. 6 (3): 397-402. PMID: 9147642.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.. Gene 200 (1-2): 149-56. PMID: 9373149.
• Hukkanen J, Mäntylä M, Kangas L, et al. (1998). Expression of cytochrome P450 genes encoding enzymes active in the metabolism of tamoxifen in human uterine endometrium.. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 82 (2): 93-7. PMID: 9498238.
• Zhou Z, Shackleton CH, Pahwa S, et al. (1998). Prominent sex steroid metabolism in human lymphocytes.. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 138 (1-2): 61-9. PMID: 9685215.

Additional images

Cholesterol

Pregnenolone

External links

• MeSH Cytochrome+P450scc

Template:Steroid hydroxylases

1. REDIRECT Template:Dioxygenases

Template:Multienzyme complexes