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Clinical depression is one of the disorders that the notion of kindling has been applied. For as Kendler et al (2005) have shown, that while a first episode may be caused by severe adversity, the experience of one episode makes a second more likely, the second makes a third more likely and so on, sometimes in the absence of stressors.
Monroe and Harkness (2005) suggested a number of mechanism that might underly this observation.
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Kendler, K.S., Thornton.L.M. & Gardner,C.O.(2000). Stressful life events and previous episodes in the etiology of major depression in women:An evaluation of the 'kindling' hypothesis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157,1243-1251. Monroe, S M & Harkness. K L (2005). Life stress, the'kindling hypothesis', and the recurrence of depression; Considerations from a life stress perspective. Psychological Review, 112,417-445.
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