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Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)
| Ependyma | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Section of central canal of medulla spinalis, showing ependymal and neuroglial cells. | ||
| Latin | ' | |
| Gray's | subject #189 829 | |
| System | ||
| MeSH | A08.186.211.276.460 | |
| [[Image:|190px|center|]] | ||
- Main article: Central ventricles
Ependyma is the thin epithelial membrane lining the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord. Ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system. It is involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Ependymal Cells[]
The ependyma is made up of ependymal cells. These are the epithelial cells that line the CSF-filled ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. The cells are cuboidal/columnar. Their apical surfaces are covered in a layer of cilia, which circulate CSF around the central nervous system. Their apical surfaces are also covered with microvilli, which absorb CSF. Within the brain's ventricles, a population of modified ependymal cells and capillaries together form a system called the choroid plexus, which produces the CSF.
Pathology[]
Ependymoma is a tumor of the ependyma.
Stem cells[]
Jonas Frisén and his colleagues at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm believe that ependyma is the prime candidate for the location of neural stem cells.[1]
References[]
- ↑ Johansson CB, Momma S, Clarke DL, Risling M, Lendahl U, Frisen J (1999). Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system.. Cell 96 (1): 25-34. PMID 9989494.
External links[]
Histology: nervous tissue | |
|---|---|
| Neurons (gray matter) |
soma, axon (axon hillock, axoplasm, axolemma, neurofibril/neurofilament), dendrite (Nissl body, dendritic spine, apical dendrite, basal dendrite) |
| Afferent nerve/Sensory nerve/Sensory neuron |
GSA, GVA, SSA, SVA, fibers (Ia, Ib or Golgi, II or Aβ, III or Aδ or fast pain, IV or C or slow pain) |
| Efferent nerve/Motor nerve/Motor neuron |
GSE, GVE, SVE, Upper motor neuron, Lower motor neuron (α motorneuron, γ motorneuron) |
| Synapses |
neuropil, synaptic vesicle, neuromuscular junction, electrical synapse - Interneuron (Renshaw) |
| Sensory receptors |
Free nerve ending, Meissner's corpuscle, Merkel nerve ending, Muscle spindle, Pacinian corpuscle, Ruffini ending, Olfactory receptor neuron, Photoreceptor cell, Hair cell, Taste bud |
| Glial cells |
astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, ependymal cells, microglia, radial glia |
| Myelination (white matter) |
Schwann cell, oligodendrocyte, nodes of Ranvier, internode, Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, neurolemma |
| Related connective tissues |
epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium, nerve fascicle, meninges |
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