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An esterase is a hydrolase enzyme that splits esters into an acid and an alcohol in a chemical reaction with water called hydrolysis.

A wide range of different esterases exist that differ in their substrate specificity, their protein structure, and their biological function.

EC classification/list of enzymes[]


  • EC 3.1.2: Thiolester hydrolases
    • Thioesterase
      • Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1
  • EC 3.1.3: Phosphoric monoester hydrolases
    • Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.x), hydrolyses phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and an alcohol
      • Alkaline phosphatase, removes phosphate groups from many types of molecules, including nucleotides, proteins, and alkaloids.
      • Phosphodiesterase (PDE), inactivates the second messenger cAMP
        • cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, is inhibited by Sildenafil (Viagra)
    • Fructose bisphosphatase (3.1.3.11), converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis
  • EC 3.1.4: Phosphoric diester hydrolases
  • EC 3.1.5: Triphosphoric monoester hydrolases
  • EC 3.1.6: Sulfuric ester hydrolases (sulfatases)
  • EC 3.1.7: Diphosphoric monoester hydrolases
  • EC 3.1.8: Phosphoric triester hydrolases
  • Exonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases)
    • EC 3.1.11: Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
    • EC 3.1.13: Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
    • EC 3.1.14: Exoribonucleases producing 3'-phosphomonoesters
    • EC 3.1.15: Exonucleases active with either ribo- or deoxy-
  • Endonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases)
    • Endodeoxyribonuclease
    • Endoribonuclease
    • either deoxy- or ribo-

See also[]

External links[]




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