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Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)
Genetic architecture refers to the underlying genetic basis of a phenotypic trait. It encompasses both the number of genes and their importance in determining the phenotype (e.g., many genes of small effect vs. few genes of large effect).
The development of phenotype
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| Key concepts: Genotype-phenotype distinction | Norms of reaction | Gene-environment interaction | Heritability | Quantitative genetics |
| Genetic architecture: Dominance relationship | Epistasis | Polygenic inheritance | Pleiotropy | Plasticity | Canalisation | Fitness landscape |
| Non-genetic influences: Epigenetic inheritance | Epigenetics | Maternal effect | dual inheritance theory |
| Developmental architecture: Segmentation | Modularity |
| Evolution of genetic systems: Evolvability | Mutational robustness | Evolution of sex |
| Influential figures: C. H. Waddington | Richard Lewontin |
| Debates: Nature versus nurture |
| List of evolutionary biology topics |
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