Intracellular receptor

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Intracellular receptors are receptors located inside the cell rather than on its cell membrane. Examples are the class of nuclear receptors located in the cell nucleus and the IP₃ receptor located on the endoplasmic reticulum. The ligands that bind to them are usually intracellular second messengers like inositol trisphosphate (IP₃) and extracellular lipophilic hormones like steroid hormones.

Members

Transcription factors

• Steroid hormone receptor:
  • Sex hormone receptors (sex hormones)
    • Estrogen receptor (α and β)
    • Androgen receptor (one type)
  • Vitamin D receptor (vitamin D, one type)
  • Glucocorticoid receptor (glucocorticoids, one type)
  • Mineralocorticoid receptor (mineralocorticoids, one type)
• Thyroid hormone receptor (α and β)
• Retinoic acid receptor (vitamin A and related compounds);
• Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs, α, γ and δ)
• Retinoid X receptor
• Farnesoid X receptor
• Liver X receptor
• Pregnane X receptor
• Constitutive androstane receptor

Various

• Sigma1 (neurosteroids))
• IP₃ receptor (inositol triphosphate, IP₃)

See also

• Receptor
• Steroid hormone

External links

• Nuclear Receptor journal homepage
• Nuclear receptor resource at Georgetown University
• Nuclear receptor signalling atlas (NURSA, open-access journal)

Transcription factors

Constitutive androstane receptor - Core binding factor - E2F - Farnesoid X receptor - Kruppel-like factors - Nanog - NF-kB - Oct-4 - P300/CBP - Peroxisome proliferator-activated - PIT-1 - Rho factor - R-SMAD - Sigma factor - Sox2 - Sp1 - STAT protein

Basic-helix-loop-helix: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor - Hypoxia inducible factors - MYC - MyoD - Myogenin - Twist transcription factor

Basic leucine zipper: Ccaat-enhancer-binding proteins - CREB -

Basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper: Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor - Sterol regulatory element binding protein

Steroid hormone receptors
Type I: Glucocorticoid receptor - Mineralocorticoid receptor - Sex hormone receptor (Androgen receptor, Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor)
Type II: Calcitriol receptor - Retinoid receptor (Retinoic acid receptor, Retinoid X receptor) - Thyroid hormone receptor

See also: Intracellular receptors, Nuclear receptor