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| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Kainic acid[1] |
|---|---|
| File:Kainic acid.png | |
(2S,3S,4S)-3-(carboxymethyl)-4-prop-1-en-2-ylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 487-79-6 |
| PubChem | 10255 |
| SMILES | CC(=C)[C@H]1CN[C@@H]([C@H]1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C10H15NO4 |
| Molar mass | 213.23 g/mol |
| Melting point |
215 °C (decomp.) |
| Hazards | |
| style="background: #F8EABA; text-align: center;" colspan="2" | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
Kainic acid is a natural marine acid present in some algae. It is a specific agonist for the kainate receptor used as an ionotrophic glutamate receptor which mimicks the effect of glutamate. It is used in experiments to distinguish a receptor from the other ionotropic receptors for glutamate such as NMDA and AMPA, a.k.a. quisqualate.
Occurrence[]
In 1953, kainic acid was originally isolated from the red alga called "Kainin-sou"(海人草) or "Makuri" (Digenea simplex) in Japan. "Kainin-sou" is used as an anthelmintic in Japan.
Kainic acid is a potent central nervous system stimulant, and has been developed as the prototype neuroexcitatory amino acid for the induction of seizures in experimental animals, at a typical dose of 10-30 mg/kg in mice. Kainic acid is neuroexcitotoxic and epileptogenic, acting through specific kainate receptors. Because of the supply shortage in 2000, the price of kainic acid has risen significantly.
Applications[]
- Neuroscience research
- Neurodegenerative agent - as a neurotoxin it can destroy the cell bodies of neurons but leaves the axon undamaged.
- Modeling of epilepsy and the neurological damage caused by it to dendrites, synapses, and long-term memory in mice
- Modeling of Alzheimer's disease
See also[]
References[]
- ↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5157
External links[]
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