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The World Health Organization has traditionally classified death according to the primary type of disease or injury. However, causes of death may also be classified in terms of preventable risk factors—such as smoking, unhealthy diet, and sexual behavior—which contribute to a number of different diseases. Such risk factors are usually not recorded directly on death certificates.[1]
Leading causes worldwide[]
Leading causes of preventable death worldwide as of the year 2001.[2]
| Cause | Number of deaths resulting (millions per year) |
|---|---|
| Hypertension | 7.8 |
| Smoking tobacco | 5.0 |
| High cholesterol | 3.9 |
| Malnutrition | 3.8 |
| Sexually transmitted diseases | 3.0 |
| Poor diet | 2.8 |
| Overweight and obesity | 2.5 |
| Physical inactivity | 2.0 |
| Alcohol | 1.9 |
| Indoor air pollution from solid fuels | 1.8 |
| Unsafe water and poor sanitation | 1.6 |
Leading causes in the United States[]
| Cause | Number | Percent of total | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking tobacco | 435,000[3] | 18.1% | |
| Being overweight and obesity | 111,909[6] | 4.6% | There was considerable debate about the differences in the numbers of obesity-related diseases. The numbers reported in the referenced article have been found to be the most accurate.[7] |
| Alcohol | 85,000[3] | 3.5% | |
| Infectious diseases | 75,000[3] | 3.1% | |
| Toxic agents including toxins, particulates and radon | 55,000[3] | 2.3% | |
| Preventable medical errors in hospitals | 44,000 to 98,000[8] | Estimates vary, significant numbers of preventable deaths also result from errors outside of hospitals. | |
| Traffic collisions | 43,000[3] | 1.8% | |
| Firearms deaths | 29,000[3] | 1.2% | Suicide: 16,586; homicide: 10,801; Accidents: 776; Legal intervention: 270; Unknown: 230 |
| Sexually transmitted infections | 20,000[3] | 0.8% | |
| Drug abuse | 17,000[3] | 0.7% |
Leading causes among children worldwide[]
Various injuries are the leading cause of death in children 9 – 18 years of age. The top five worldwide unintentional injuries in children are as follows:[9]
Leading causes of death by injury among children worldwide.[9]
| Cause | Number of deaths resulting |
|---|---|
| Traffic collision |
260,000 per year |
| Drowning |
175,000 per year |
| Burns |
96,000 per year |
| Falls |
47,000 per year |
| Toxins |
45,000 per year |
See also[]
- Suicide
- List of causes of death by rate
- Physical trauma#Common causes
- Preventive medicine
- Public health
References[]
- ↑ (2002)Preventable causes of death in North Carolina. N C Med J 63 (4): 196.
- ↑ Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ (May 2006). Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet 367 (9524): 1747–57.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL (March 2004). Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA 291 (10): 1238–45.
- ↑ Harvard School of Public Health, 2009 press releases
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 National Vital Statistics Report, Vol. 50, No. 15, September 16, 2002 as compiled at [1]
- ↑ Flegal, K.M., B.I. Graubard, D.F. Williamson, and M.H. Gail. (2005). Obesity. Journal of the American Medical Association 293 (15): 1861–1867.
- ↑ http://www.rti.org/pubs/IssueBrief_1.pdf
- ↑ (2000) To Err is Human—Building a Safer Health System, 312, Washington, D. C.: National Academies Press.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 includeonly>"BBC NEWS | Special Reports | UN raises child accidents alarm", BBC News, December 10, 2008. Retrieved on May 8, 2010.
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