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(Index, Outline)
The obex (from the Latin for barrier) is the point in the human brain at which the fourth ventricle narrows to become the central canal of the spinal cord. The obex occurs in the caudal medulla.The decussating of sensory fibers happens at this point.
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Brain: rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
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Metencephalon/
pons
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surface: Locus ceruleus
Trigeminal lemniscus (Dorsal trigeminal tract, Ventral trigeminal tract)
cranial nuclei: GSA: Principal V/Spinal V - VIII-c (Dorsal, Anterior)/VIII-v (Lateral, Superior, Medial, Inferior) - SVE: Motor V - VII - GSE: VI - GVE: VII: Superior salivary nucleus
MLF, III, IV and VI (vestibulo-oculomotor fibers, medial vestibulospinal tract)
sensory/ascending: Trapezoid body/VIII - Superior olivary nucleus
Inferior cerebellar peduncle (Vestibulocerebellar tract)
motor/descending: Apneustic center • Pneumotaxic center (Medial parabrachial nucleus) - Lateral parabrachial nucleus
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Middle cerebellar peduncles (Pontocerebellar fibers) - Pontine nuclei
motor/descending: Corticospinal tract - Corticobulbar tract - Corticopontine fibers
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Raphe/reticular
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Reticular formation (Caudal, Oral, Tegmental, Paramedian) • Raphe nuclei (Median)
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Myelencephalon/
medulla
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Dorsal
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surface: Posterior median sulcus - Postero-lateral sulcus - Area postrema
cranial nuclei: GVA: VII,IX,X: Solitary/tract • SVA: Gustatory nucleus • GSE: XII • GVE: IX,X,XI: Ambiguus • SVE: X: Dorsal • IX: Inferior salivatory nucleus - MLF, III, IV and VI
sensory/ascending: Gracile nucleus • Cuneate nucleus (Accessory cuneate nucleus) • Sensory decussation • Medial lemniscus
motor/descending: Dorsal respiratory group
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Ventral
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motor/descending: Ventral respiratory group - Pyramid (Motor decussation) - Inferior olivary nucleus (Olivocerebellar tract, Rubro-olivary tract)
surface: Anterior median fissure - Antero-lateral sulcus - Arcuate nucleus of medulla - Olivary body
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Raphe/reticular
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Reticular formation (Gigantocellular, Parvocellular, Ventral, Lateral, Paramedian) • Raphe nuclei (Obscurus, Magnus, Pallidus)
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