Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods |
Statistics |
Clinical |
Educational |
Industrial |
Professional items |
World psychology |
Biological: Behavioural genetics · Evolutionary psychology · Neuroanatomy · Neurochemistry · Neuroendocrinology · Neuroscience · Psychoneuroimmunology · Physiological Psychology · Psychopharmacology (Index, Outline)
In respiratory physiology, ventilation (or ventilation rate) is the rate at which gas enters or leaves the lung. It is categorized under the following definitions:
| Measurement | Symbol | Equation | Description |
| Minute ventilation | = tidal volume * respiratory rate[1][2] | the total volume of gas entering the lungs per minute. | |
| Alveolar ventilation | = (tidal volume - dead space) * respiratory rate [1] | the volume of gas per unit time that reaches the alveoli, the respiratory portions of the lungs where gas exchange occurs. | |
| Dead space ventilation | = dead space * respiratory rate[3] | is the volume of gas per unit time that does not reach these respiratory portions, but instead remains in the airways (trachea, bronchi, etc.). |
Sample values
| Measure | Sample value at rest | Sample value moderate exercise[4] |
|---|---|---|
| Tidal volume | 0.5 L | 3.0 L |
| Respiratory rate | 12 breaths/minute | 30 breaths/minute |
| Minute ventilation | 6.0 L/min | 90 L/min |
| Dead space | 0.15 L | 0.15 L |
| Dead space ventilation | 1.8 L/min | 4.5 L/min |
| Alveolar ventilation | 4.2 L/min | 85.5 L/min |
Pulmonary ventilation may be evaluated using a breathing tube or spirometer, measuring the movement of the chest and abdominal walls using respiratory inductance plethysmography or by isolating the subject in an enclosed metabolic chamber.
See also
- Gas exchange
- Fowler method
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Respiratory Physiology: Ventilation
- ↑ Respiratory Physiology (page 2)
- ↑ Physiology at MCG 4/4ch3/s4ch3_16
- ↑ Int Panis, L (2010). Exposure to particulate matter in traffic: A comparison of cyclists and car passengers. Atmospheric Environment 44: 2263–2270.
External links
Respiratory system, physiology: respiratory physiology | |
|---|---|
| Volumes |
lung volumes - vital capacity - functional residual capacity - respiratory minute volume - closing capacity - dead space - spirometry - body plethysmography - peak flow meter - thoracic independent volume - bronchial challenge test |
| Airways |
ventilation (V) (positive pressure) - breath (inhalation, exhalation) -respiratory rate - respirometer - pulmonary surfactant - compliance - hysteresivity - airway resistance |
| Blood |
pulmonary circulation - perfusion (Q) - hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction - pulmonary shunt |
| Interactions |
ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) and scan - zones of the lung - gas exchange - pulmonary gas pressures - alveolar gas equation - hemoglobin - oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve (2,3-DPG, Bohr effect, Haldane effect) - carbonic anhydrase (chloride shift) - oxyhemoglobin - respiratory quotient - arterial blood gas - diffusion capacity - Dlco |
| Control of respiration |
pons (pneumotaxic center, apneustic center) - medulla (dorsal respiratory group, ventral respiratory group) - chemoreceptors (central, peripheral) - pulmonary stretch receptors - Hering-Breuer reflex |
| Insufficiency |
high altitude - oxygen toxicity - hypoxia |
sv:Ventilation_(fysiologi) ar:تهوية (فيزيولوجيا) de:Ventilation es:Ventilación pulmonar kk:Альвеолдық ауа алмастыру fi:Keuhkotuuletus -->
| This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors). |
